• MAPs require divalent transition metal ions

  2025-02-01

  

  MAPs require divalent transition metal ions as cofactors for activity [21]. Previous studies on MAPs from different organisms indicate cobalt ions to be the most preferred divalent metal activator [22]. However, MAPs also exhibit activity with other divalent cations like Mn(II), Ca(II), Ni(II) or Fe

• Unlike in humans hepatic expression of FGF increases in mice

  2025-02-01

  

  Unlike in humans, hepatic expression of FGF21 increases in mice consuming KD and is a necessary mediator of the physiologic adaptations to the diet. FGF21 knockout (KO) mice gain, rather than lose weight on the diet [6]. FGF21 also activates BAT in part by increasing SNS drive [3,7]. In addition, th

• The relatively high concentration of HT used in this study

  2025-02-01

  

  The relatively high concentration of 5-HT used in this study (100 µM) is consistent with the concentrations used in other published ex vivo studies (Ropert and Guy, 1991, Passani et al., 1994, Shen and Andrade, 1998). In our paradigm 5-HT was focally applied at the surface of the slice via a fast pe

• br Expression of ADK in the normal brain In adult

  2025-02-01

  

  Expression of ADK in the normal brain In adult brain, ADK is primarily expressed in astrocytes. Immunocytochemical analysis of adult rat and mouse opioid receptors revealed predominant astrocytic expression throughout the hippocampus and cortex. Two isoforms of ADK have been identified in mammal

• Diabetes or inflammation is associated with

  2025-02-01

  

  Diabetes or inflammation is associated with up-regulation of A2AAR (Pang et al., 2010). High levels of A2AARs are found in macrophages and microglial cells that are poised, on activation, to abrogate the immune response (Trincavelli et al., 2008). In addition, hyperglycemia is associated with increa

• br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments br Introductio

  2025-02-01

  

  Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments Introduction Synapses are fundamental units for efficient communication between neurons and their target cells. Despite significant progress in understanding the structure of matured synapses, less is known about the mechanisms by which neurotransmitt

• The role of DHT in early teleost embryogenesis is not

  2025-02-01

  

  The role of DHT in early teleost embryogenesis is not entirely clear or established, however additional studies that treat fish embryos to DHT or to specific srd5a inhibitors at critical stages of development (i.e. prior to sex differentiation) will shed light on the early functions of this androgen

• An AXL decoy receptor with

  2025-02-01

  

  An AXL decoy receptor with enhanced GAS6-binding properties, MYD1, was engineered as a therapeutic tool to disrupt GAS6/AXL signaling in vivo (Kariolis et al., 2014). MYD1 was shown to block metastasis of human ovarian cancer Cl-Amidine trifluoroacetate salt and a murine breast cancer cell line in g

• br Materials and methods br

  2025-02-01

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Numerous studies showed that Na+-K+-ATPase activity and membrane Moniliformin sodium salt australia were decreased in cardiac tissue subjected to IR (Belliard et al., 2013; Lee et al., 2013). In return, treatment that alleviated the progress of IR-r

• Protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational

  2025-01-31

  

  Protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational mechanism for the regulation of distribution, trafficking, and function of modified proteins (Wang et al., 2014). GluA1 phosphorylation at S845 also has functional consequences (Lu and Roche, 2012). For instance, S845 phosphorylation drove tr

• These anatomical studies were followed by the first function

  2025-01-31

  

  These anatomical studies were followed by the first functional MRI studies of auditory processing in songbirds that were performed in starlings (Van Meir et al., 2005; De Groof et al., 2017; De Groof et al., 2013b) and in zebra finches (Boumans et al., 2008a; Boumans et al., 2007; Boumans et al., 20

• In humans the superior safety profile of lipid associated fo

  2025-01-31

  

  In humans, the superior safety profile of lipid-associated formulations is characterized by decreased acute infusion-related reactions and dose-related nephrotoxicity, allowing the administration of larger doses and therefore similar efficacy with fewer administrations. In vitro studies and human cl

• In our sequential model for tau and A deposition we

  2025-01-31

  

  In our sequential model for tau and Aβ deposition, we included the tau deposition in the medial temporal Bryostatin 1 in the absence of Aβ deposition, which is a pathological definition of primary age-related tauopathy (PART). Although the tau pathologies in PART and AD are almost identical in their

• AHR is essential for IL production

  2025-01-31

  

  AHR is essential for IL-22 production by T si cid and ILC3s [83]. Coexpression of AHR and RORγt by retroviral transduction in a thymoma cell line, EL4, synergistically upregulates IL-22 expression [48]. The cooperativity between AHR and RORγt has also been observed in primary T cells (L.Z., unpubli

• br Results br Discussion Our finding that AXL

  2025-01-27

  

  Results Discussion Our finding that AXL overexpression is significantly associated with poor survival in patients with high-grade serous OC is consistent with previous reports indicating that AXL regulates tumor growth in some cancers, as well as reports showing that AXL activity is involved i

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